Our relationship with our animal companions has evolved through the ages. When we once considered cats to be mere mousers, we’ve since invited them into our homes and lives. Perhaps this relationship was destined to be since we share 90% of our DNA with felines.¹ They’ve even changed their vocal repertoire to include meows not typically heard in their wild counterparts.

Evidence of vocal and emotional recognition exists.² However, there’s nothing sexual about a cat’s affection for their caregivers. Humans provide a sense of comfort to their pets that they recognize. After all, they depend on us for food, water, and shelter. Still, that doesn’t mean they’re sexually attracted to us.

The Human-Cat Bond

Research suggests the Ancient Egyptians changed our relationship with cats, with evidence pointing to them having a place in the home alongside humans.³ However, we’re still talking about an owner-pet or bond and not a sexual one. Undoubtedly, their role as mousers in Ancient Egypt still existed the same as it did when they were first domesticated, but the difference was probably the building of affection between people and cats.

Feline Reproductive Behavior

Of course, humans associate sexual attraction with reproduction. That’s where we find the strongest evidence that cats are not attracted to people in that way. Our pets are quite in touch with their wild roots. Domestication has changed only 13 genes in cats, which translates into a feline breeding season between mid-January and mid-October, triggered by longer daylight hours.⁴ This is likely related to producing young when there is lots of food available. Cats living inside can cycle at all times of the year due to exposure to artificial light.

Females undergo estrus or heat cycles every 21 days, on average. During this time, cats yowl to attract potential mates, while the males search for receptive females. Bonding doesn’t exist since they are polygynandrous, meaning females and males have multiple mating partners. Another biological factor is that felines have induced ovulation. The mating act triggers ovulation so the female has a high chance of pregnancy.

The cat embodies the theory that mating and reproduction have only a biological purpose. Males provide no parental investment in the offspring or love for the female after mating has occurred. Rearing of the young is done solely by the mother. The animal’s mating system is living proof of that assertion. Pair bonding in felines is not the usual sexual relationship between adult cats.

Signs of Affection

Cats that are attached to their caregivers are often quite expressive. They may rub against your legs or give you head-butts. They may purr as you hold them or knead you. Interestingly, some of these behaviors are identical to those between the mother and kittens. They point to the love and affection that exists in these relationships.

You may wonder what your cat really thinks about you. We can make some inferences based on feline body language. When your kitty rubs against your leg, they are showing affection. This behavior is believed to be scent-marking the human as a member of their colony.

The fact that your pet has this physical contact with you is evidence of their affection. After all, they wouldn’t engage with another animal if they didn’t think they were friendly. Again, it’s not sexual but an acknowledgment of their attachment.

The Role of Oxytocin

Research into the hormone oxytocin provides additional insights. The body releases this chemical compound during pleasurable interactions often involving trust and the intimacy of maternal care. It can also reduce circulating stress hormones in humans and non-humans. While oxytocin is also associated with sex, it has an equivalent role in non-sexual affection.

While the research is limited, one study found that human-animal interactions can increase oxytocin release in dogs and humans. And, another study found that humans can release oxytocin when interacting with cats. It’s not a stretch to hypothesize the same effects can occur with cats. Scientists have already found that felines can be just as effective as canines for therapy animals. The action of oxytocin may explain the mechanism for how it happens and refine our understanding of how cats show affection.

Final Thoughts

Science has shed new light on cats and their behavior. Research proves ample evidence that felines bond with their owners and express it physically and vocally. However, sexual attraction is not a part of that mix, nor is it with mating. For cats, mating occurs for the biological purpose of making kittens and they usually do not form strong bonds with a mating partner. Nevertheless, affection and love are part of our lexicon to describe our relationship with our pets.

• Also see: Can Cats Fall in Love with Each Other or Humans? Feline Feelings Explored

Featured Image Credit: larisa Stefanjuk, Shutterstock

The post Can Cats Be Sexually Attracted to Humans? Dispelling the Myths (Vet-Verified) by Chris Dinesen Rogers appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

Some cats are strictly indoor pets and prefer lounging on a bed, tower, or sofa. However, others split their time between being inside and outside. So, when it comes to finding a safe place to sleep outdoors, where do our furry felines like to curl up?

Outdoor cats sleep anywhere that is safe and relatively quiet. Preferably, food and water are close by. There are a few places that are relatively common for outdoor cats to sleep in though. Let’s go over them just below.

The 7 Likely Places Outdoor Cats Sleep

1. Open Garage

An open garage is, well, an open invitation for a place to sleep, particularly if the caregiver uses the space. The owner’s scent can calm the cat and give them a sense of security they couldn’t find elsewhere. Felines are olfactorily aware of their environment. They use several forms of nonverbal communication, including scent. Somewhere that smells like home is a haven for an outdoor animal. Plus, you can’t beat a sturdy shelter that protects you from the harsh outdoor elements. Garages also have plenty of nooks and crannies to hide and hunker down.=

2. Abandoned Buildings

Feral or community cats will quickly learn the activity patterns in an area. That leaves them open to choosing abandoned buildings as places to sleep. They can explore these structures at their own pace to determine if they are safe. Once familiar with a building, it’ll likely become part of the feline’s rotation of suitable shelters.

3. Underneath Buildings or Porches

Small spaces underneath buildings or porches provide an ideal hidden spot to sleep and let down their guard. These areas often aren’t used much by people. Wildlife may avoid ones in inhabited places, leaving it free for an outdoor cat to use. The advantage of these types of hideouts is the shelter they provide, with walls all around and limited access in and out of the space.

4. Sheltered Place in the Woods

Our feline companions are in touch with the wild side when it comes to instinctive behavior. That includes finding a place to hide wherever they are. Plenty of places exist in the woods where an outdoor cat can curl up for a nap. They can use an abandoned den, go underneath a fallen tree, or crawl inside a hollowed-out log.

5. Barns

Barns are a natural choice to sleep for outdoor cats. Agriculture helped bring humans and felines together, so it’s only fitting to return to these domestication roots for shelter. The same thing that attracted cats to them in the first place is likely still present in barns, namely, rodents. That means a readily available food source in addition to a comfy place to sleep.

6. Box-Like Enclosure

The ideal place is anywhere a cat can feel secure. That’s one reason these animals like boxes so much. Surprisingly, it’s just the feeling of being enclosed that does the trick. Felines will even sit in an outline of a box, presumably with the same feelings of security. Anything an outdoor cat finds that seems reasonably safe and box-like in its shape will fit the bill.

7. Under Cars

Vets and animal welfare groups will tell you to watch out for cats sleeping under the hood or wheels of your car, especially in colder weather. The warmth of the car engine is attractive, but cats can be hurt when a car is started. That’s why you should scan the car and make some noise to alert any snoozing cats to move on before starting the engine.

The Risks for Outdoor Cats

We’d be remiss if we didn’t mention the risks for outdoor cats, both to the pets and wildlife. While some may think outdoor access is vital for their pets, it also increases their risk of disease, predation, and road traffic accidents. Disease is particularly worrisome because some conditions, like rabies and internal parasites, are transmissible to people.

While many associate rabies with dogs, cat cases outnumbered canine ones sixfold at 216 in 2021. An infected feline may not show signs for up to a year, making it even more dangerous. It is 100% fatal once the infection is evident. Any mammal, including people, can get the disease, with an equally grim prognosis if left untreated.

We must also consider the impacts on wildlife. According to the Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, cats were a factor in the extinction of 40 bird species, 21 mammals, and 2 reptile species. Another 367 combined species were threatened by feline predation. It’s a global problem, with the Polish Academy of Sciences (PASIFIC) going so far as to categorize domestic cats as an “invasive alien species.”

The issue with cats involves predation on species that haven’t had time to adapt. It’s literally a case of shooting fish in a barrel. And these animals aren’t even the most successful predators, with a kill rate of only 32%. Imagine what the estimated 2.4 billion birds killed by felines would be if that percentage was higher.

Conclusion

Outdoor cats are opportunistic regarding finding a place to sleep. They aren’t picky. However, it must be safe and give the animal a sense of security. Covered spaces with an opening to keep track of the goings-on outside are ideal for them.

Above, we identified several common spots where you might find a snoozing feline taking a much-needed cat nap, although we’re sure there are plenty of others that our outdoor felines are keeping private!

Featured Image Credit: caligari77, Pixabay

The post Where Do Outdoor Cats Sleep? 7 Places They Like to Curl Up (Vet-Reviewed) by Chris Dinesen Rogers appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

A car ride often represents three things to your cat: change, a lack of control, and loss of freedom. Felines hate all of them, and this ramped-up anxiety and stress are even able to trigger vomiting or motion sickness in your kitty. It’s easy to see why when you consider it from a feline perspective. Dogs often go for rides for happy reasons, like trips to the dog park. However, the chances are your cat only goes to the vet when they leave their home, which teaches them that the car is a very stressful space over time.

Why Car Rides Are Stressful for Cats

Remember that cats are both predators and prey. Thus, they exhibit different coping styles when faced with unfamiliar situations, like riding in a car. They may take a proactive approach with a fight-or-flight response. It can include excessive vocalizations, hissing, and spitting. Felines may react passively by remaining motionless and curling up, perhaps to protect themselves.

Cats don’t like change because their survival depends on their awareness of their environment, whether hunting or fleeing a predator. Putting them in a carrier takes away their control over their choice of how to react. That leaves them feeling vulnerable, thus causing stress and anxiety. From your pet’s point of view, it’s a big unknown. It can also be the memory of a past adverse experience.

Think of how you might feel in such a situation. Your heart may race and you’re on high alert for anything you can detect about what might occur. It’s the same with your cat, especially if you rarely take them on car rides. You add things like sensations of the vehicle moving, and that leaves the makings of the perfect storm for motion sickness.

The Risks of Motion Sickness and Stress in Cats

Motion sickness in itself isn’t harmful to your pet, but it is uncomfortable and incredibly stressful. The signs of motion sickness in cats include the following:

The indirect consequences can be more severe. One study found that 28% of cat owners would take their pets to the vet more often if it weren’t such an ordeal. It also showed that 40% of cats hadn’t seen a vet for the past year. That’s especially risky for felines since they often hide signs of a problem until they can’t any longer.

It becomes increasingly problematic when an issue occurs. Stress morphs into a safety concern for the vet and their staff handling the agitated animal. It can also hamper treatment efforts if the cat becomes aggressive. Sedation may be your vet’s only choice if they can’t handle your pet.

Helping Your Cat Remain Calm

Cats react differently to motion sickness. It’s helpful to consider prevention and treatment options on an individual basis. Sometimes the goal is to reduce the stress and anxiety associated with car rides. One effective way to curb stress is by getting your pet used to the carrier. One study found it an excellent way to make vet visits easier and even decrease exam times. A cat that is less anxious is more manageable to handle.

You should also make the car ride more comfortable by keeping it at an optimal temperature. Make the trip as quick as possible with any available shortcuts, preferably in light traffic. Research suggests that species-appropriate music may have a calming effect. It includes frequencies within the feline vocal ranges and sounds of real cats.

We also recommend withholding food for a few hours before you go. Put the open carrier on the floor to let your pet explore it on their terms. One study found that a feline facial pheromone product is an excellent stress preventive for short trips. You can add a piece of clothing to the carrier for something that smells like home to your cat.

Here are some other helpful tips you might consider:

Medications

Your vet may recommend medication in some cases. Some over-the-counter products may alleviate the stress that can trigger motion sickness. Prescriptions for anxiety and nausea also exist if these don’t alleviate the problem. The important thing is that you have options so that you needn’t avoid taking your cat to the clinic. However, the treatment plan depends on the individual animal.

At the Clinic

Making the vet experience pleasant can encourage positive associations with car rides and reduce the risk of motion sickness. High-value treats are a potent persuader for food-motivated felines. Don’t be surprised if your pet refuses the treat. The message is still hitting its mark. We suggest talking softly to your kitty to calm their fears. Cats get attached to their owners, making it an effective method.

Final Thoughts

Cats can get motion sickness because of the stress car trips cause in our pets. Felines despise change. A ride away from home couldn’t be a greater disruption to your pet’s everyday life. Fortunately, several things exist that can make it easier for your kitty and the vet. Anything you can do to calm your cat will make the examination quicker and less nerve-racking for everyone.

Featured Image Credit: RJ22, Shutterstock

The post Can Cats Get Car Sick? Vet-Verified Facts & Info by Chris Dinesen Rogers appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

Maybe you first noticed it when you watched your cat dart around the room. You saw a seemingly large flap of skin near their hind end sway back and forth. You immediately panic, thinking your kitty is dangerously obese. What else could explain it? Rest assured; the chances are your pet isn’t abnormal. Instead, it’s a normal body feature that is widespread among feline species, both domestic and wild.

The primordial pouch may look strange because it’s not present in dogs. Besides, we associate a healthy weight with a sleek form. The primordial pouch goes against the norm. After all, you probably want to avoid excess abdominal fat yourself, let alone see it in your pet. Despite being normal, when is a big primordial pouch too big?

The Probable Purposes of the Primordial Pouch

Our cats are more in touch with their wild side than dogs. They even look like their ancestor, the African wild cat (Felis silvestris lybica). Understanding the purpose of the primordial pouch involves considering how it may have benefited wild felines. Three probable theories exist.

One possible explanation is food storage. Felines aren’t as successful at hunting as you may think. Black-footed cats (Felis nigripes) are the best felines at 60%. With speed on their side, Cheetahs bring home food in 58% of their attempts. Your kitty comes in at a measly 32%. It makes evolutionary sense to be able to store food if you do manage to catch something since it might be a while.

Another hypothesis is that the primordial pouch helps cats run faster with greater flexibility to chase prey. Some domestic cats are mousers with no pressure to change their ways. That can explain why it still exists in modern-day felines. They are built for speed, with the Guinness World Record at roughly 30 miles per hour for an Egyptian Mau. Being fast comes in handy for pets that still hunt mice and other prey.

Finally, another theory provides a simpler explanation. Extra padding is, well, extra padding to protect the animal’s internal organs. Felines have many ways to avoid costly conflicts with olfactory, auditory, and visual communication. Having a primordial pouch can be part of their last-resort adaptations for survival. Its site doesn’t impede the cat’s movement, making it a reasonable compromise.

Note that the primordial pouch is more noticeable in some breeds, such as the Pixiebob. The official breed standard even references it. Many others don’t even mention it unless it’s integral to the animal’s conformation.

Pouch or Fat?

We must revisit this part of the question since there seems to be a limit to the structure’s usefulness. A cat’s pouch typically starts developing around 6 months, which is about the time the animal reaches sexual maturity. That supports a survival function for the primordial pouch in case of conflict.

But when is a primordial pouch considered fat? Your pet’s body condition can provide the answer. Your cat’s body should have a well-defined waist when viewed from overhead, and the pouch only flaps because the skin is loose. On the other hand, fat feels solid and covers the entire body. It isn’t confined to the rear of the animal, giving them a rounder shape overall. Because of this excess layer, you may find it hard to palpate your cat’s ribs. Their pouch will also feel more firm or squishy as opposed to loose and floppy.

Treating Obesity

Being overweight or obese carries serious health risks for cats and people. The problems are similar, which isn’t surprising considering we share 90% of our DNA with our feline companions. They include heightened chances of developing diabetes, arthritis, and heart disease. Of course, prevention is the best solution.

However, if your kitty is overweight, you must take action to improve the animal’s health and quality of life. Drastic dietary changes aren’t the answer. Crash diets don’t work any better on our pets than us. Lifestyle changes that gradually decrease caloric intake are the best way to manage this condition. You must monitor your cat’s intake, taking free-feeding off the table. Exercise can also help.

Weight loss diets can help your kitty feel sated even though they’re consuming fewer calories. Felines are obligate carnivores, which gives you an edge with high-protein foods that satisfy these dietary needs. We also recommend limiting treats to no more than 10% of your pet’s caloric intake. Like their food, count or measure how much your cat gets. A 10-pound feline only needs 200 calories daily.

You can also use treats as training aids to encourage desirable behavior. It’s all about timing and creating positive associations. We also recommend using treats interactively. Place them under toys or behind objects to make them look for their rewards. It will provide valuable mental stimulation and enrichment. It replicates how they would find food in the wild, where little comes for free.

Every pet is unique in their nutritional needs, so we recommend reaching out to your vet for advice.

Speak To a Vet Online From the Comfort of Your Couch!

If you need to speak with a vet but can’t get to one, head over to PangoVet. It’s an online service where you can talk to a vet online and get the personalized advice you need for your pet — all at an affordable price!

Click to Speak With a Vet

Final Thoughts

Your cat’s primordial pouch is a holdover from the past where it may have served several vital purposes. It exists with all felines to varying degrees, even the king of the jungle. We’d be hard-pressed to call a lion overweight, so it must have some survival value. It only becomes a red flag when it’s not floppy but solid and non-moving. That may signal weight gain, which you should manage promptly.

Featured Image Credit: Phrakrit Juntawong, Shutterstock

The post Why Is My Cat’s Primordial Pouch So Big? Normal vs Abnormally Large (Vet Verified) by Chris Dinesen Rogers appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

It’s almost a cliché. You’re traveling and, seemingly out of nowhere, your pet gets sick or injured. It seems like the farther away and remote, the more inevitable its occurrence. We don’t like to think about these things happening. However, it’s always better to be prepared. Sadly, minutes can make the difference between a poor and positive prognosis, and knowing you’re ready for anything will also give you peace of mind.

Veterinarians appreciate your efforts to seek help or advice quickly. Any delays in treatment can slow or complicate recovery. Of course, not everything is an emergency. A vet can reassure you when dealing with any unknowns, and they have the experience to make an accurate assessment. But what’s the best way to get in contact with a vet if you’re on a trip? Our guide covers ways you can get good information without having to rely on Google.

The 5 Ways to Talk to a Vet While on a Trip

1. Your Vet’s Online Platform

One of the positive outcomes of COVID-19 was the pivot toward online offerings, whether takeout, grocery delivery, or vet advice. People realized the convenience, and businesses figured out they could save money on several fronts. It’s a win-win for pet owners if your vet offers these services, so we suggest asking about the options your clinic offers before leaving town.

2. Your Pet Insurance Chat

An online chat platform with a vet is a popular perk with many pet insurance companies. Many offer this service 365 days a year, 24/7. We think it’s an excellent selling point if you are comparison shopping.

To be prepared, you should check any limitations on this service before leaving town. Remember that online chats aren’t always an alternative to a hands-on office exam, though.

3. PangoVet

PangoVet is a new online veterinary consultation service where you can speak to a licensed vet about your pet’s issues. The site charges a nominal fee for a 20-minute video call. You don’t have to worry about getting your kitty into a carrier and driving them to the clinic. Instead, you can get your questions answered in the privacy of your home.

PangoVet isn’t a substitute for regular exams or emergencies. However, you can get accurate veterinary information and advice when you need it. They’ll provide detailed instructions for follow-up care. Appointment slots aren’t yet 24/7 since it’s a newer service. However, it’s the re-imagined face of veterinary care that minimizes stress for you and your pet.

Speak To a Vet Online From the Comfort of Your Couch!

If you need to speak with a vet but can’t get to one, head over to PangoVet. It’s an online service where you can talk to a vet online and get the personalized advice you need for your pet — all at an affordable price!

Click to Speak With a Vet

4. The Local Emergency Veterinary Clinic

We suggest determining the location and contact info of the nearest emergency vet clinic before leaving town. Check out the business’s website for any pertinent info. You can also visit the Veterinary Emergency Group website if you must locate a location quickly. You can find a clinic close to where you’re staying for the quickest service.

5. Animal Poison Control

You never know when your cat is going to get into something they shouldn’t, as some felines are just as curious as dogs are when it comes to putting things in their mouth. If you find yourself in this situation, it’s best to call Animal Poison Control to get professional advice.

Prompt action is critical in many cases. Remember that many pets are like kids in that they don’t know any better. You must keep your animal companion out of harm’s way. If something happens, you must know what to do, starting with contacting professional help. It’s worth noting that the call isn’t free, although some pet insurers will cover these costs.

Preparing Your Pet for a Trip

A veterinarian can only offer the best and most appropriate advice for the information you provide. Make it easy for anyone unfamiliar with your pet by having their complete medical history with you. That includes details about any recent tests or medications. While the results may not mean too much to you, a professional can glean much from them.

You should also ensure your pet is updated on any vaccinations or tests before traveling. Stress can make them more vulnerable to preventable illnesses. We also recommend getting your cat up to date on their vaccinations, as well as getting a microchip put in if you haven’t already.

We also suggest having your vet’s contact information available in case something happens while you’re traveling. It’ll make it easier to relay to them what happened so that they can follow up seamlessly with any necessary aftercare.

Conclusion

We strongly urge you to contact a vet if something happens, whether an illness or injury, while traveling. Getting accurate information from a professional is better than relying on unverified intel from a website or blogger in a last-minute, hurried search. Luckily, it’s easy to be prepared, whether knowing contact information or installing an app to connect you with the right people.

It’s not overkill to know what to do in an emergency. Emotions often run high when a pet is involved. Do yourself a favor and add this task to your trip prep to-do list. Know who to contact if something goes wrong, as it’ll save you time and unnecessary stress if you have the information at your fingertips.

Featured Image Credit: Iryna ImagoS, Shutterstock

The post How Can I Talk With a Vet if I am on a Trip With My Pet? 5 Vet Reviewed Tips to Be Prepared by Chris Dinesen Rogers appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

Going to the vet’s office isn’t much different than seeing your doctor. You want to make the most out of your time with minimal hassle. Your veterinarian also wants to use their time effectively to help you and your animal with the problem at hand.  After all, taking your cat to the clinic is never easy. Cats often find the whole process of visiting the vet very stressful, so being as efficient as you can and being prepared for your trip can make a big difference.

Cats don’t always make it easy for their owners. They are masters at hiding signs of being unwell which often means that cats are really quite sick by the time their owners realize there is a problem.  We’ve put together some tips for keeping your vet visit as smooth and efficient as possible so that you get the information you need and your cat gets the treatment they need.

The 11 Tips for Being Efficient at the Vet’s Office

1. Not Everything Warrants a Physical Trip to the Vet

Throughout your cat’s life, they should visit the vet for an annual exam to update vaccinations and do any necessary health tests. An in-person visit is essential for this. However, every cat owner understands the stress their feline companions experience when going to the clinic. So, it’s helpful to know that not all trips warrant a physical trip to the vet. Thankfully, teletriage sites like PangoVet exist, where you can schedule an online meeting with a veterinarian. This can be extremely helpful when you have minor questions about, for example, your cat’s behavior, but it can also be useful in deciding if your cat’s problem warrants an in-person vet visit or not.

It’s worth noting that online virtual exams aren’t a substitute for an in-person visit, but in some cases they are very useful. If your cat requires hospitalization or surgery, is experiencing a medical emergency or requires tests, you will need to take them to your vet (or an emergency clinic), but for basic questions about your animal, sites such as PangoVet can be extremely useful.  Remember that in most countries and states, your animal will have to be “under the care” of a veterinarian for them to be prescribed medications.  This means your pet has to have been seen by the vet, in person, within the last 6 months.  Nevertheless, virtual exams can offer a viable option for veterinary advice in some cases.

Speak To a Vet Online From the Comfort of Your Couch!

If you need to speak with a vet but can’t get to one, head over to PangoVet. It’s an online service where you can talk to a vet online and get the personalized advice you need for your pet — all at an affordable price!

Click to Speak With a Vet

2. Make a List of Your Cat’s Signs

Your vet uses your observations of your cat to help signpost what might be going on. Your veterinarian is at a disadvantage when you bring your pet to the clinic because your cat undoubtedly acts differently away from home. Their stress is in overdrive. Therefore, the information you can provide your vet is critical. Many signs are non-specific, such as loss of appetite or lethargy, but they help your vet begin to build up a clinical picture with valuable details.

Besides, you know what’s normal and abnormal for your kitty. Write your concerns down to give your vet as much info as possible. It will save time at the vet and will ensure you don’t miss any of the details.  Having all the details from the start will help your vet reach a diagnosis and treat your pet faster.

3. Anticipate the Questions Your Vet May Have

Appetite, activity level, and litter box habits are things your vet will undoubtedly ask you to detail. Make their job more efficient by having the answers ready. Anticipate other questions based on the complaint. If your cat is vomiting, note how often and the consistency. If your cat loses their appetite, notice how long it’s been going on and whether they eat at all or just their favorite foods.

4. Write Down Your Questions

You undoubtedly have questions and concerns. Do yourself a favor and write them down so that you don’t forget anything important. Remember that you have your vet’s undivided attention during your appointment. Get the most out of your time. No question is silly. It’s better to get all the facts so that you understand what is wrong with your cat and the plan to make things better.

5. Gather Any Necessary Medical Records and Medications

Your vet needs the complete picture to understand what is going on. Ensure you have your cat’s vaccination record, and if your cat takes any medication, ensure that you know which medication, how much and how often they take it. If this is your first visit to a new vet, it is worth calling the practice ahead of your appointment to make sure they have received your cat’s medical history from your previous vet’s office.

6. Get Your Cat Used to the Carrier Before Going to Your Appointment

You’ll need to transport your cat to the veterinary clinic in a carrier.  As a general rule, cats are highly suspicious of cat carriers, and the best way to reduce this suspicion is by getting your cat used to the carrier ahead of needing it.  Have your cat carrier in the living room so that your kitty can sniff and investigate it on their own time. Feed your cat treats in the carrier on a normal day so that they start to find the carrier less stressful.  When you are planning to put your cat into the carrier to transport them to the vet clinic, we suggest putting something that has your cat’s scent on it, like a favorite blanket or towel inside it to make it seem more familiar. There are even pheromone sprays that can help your kitty relax more easily.

7. Purchase a Good Quality Cat Carrier

Cat carriers come in all shapes and sizes.  Ensure you have a cat carrier that is large enough for your cat and that is made of hard plastic, as these are much more secure.  Carriers that have a removable lid are ideal so that your cat can be examined while remaining in the comfort of their box.  Being able to remove the lid also means that a frightened cat doesn’t have to be dragged out of the door of the carrier for their examination.

8. Allow Your Cat to Use the Litter Box Before You Go

Give your kitty time to use the litter box before your appointment. Your cat may soil the carrier, making it unpleasant and more time consuming for everyone. Remember that felines are clean animals, so sitting in a dirty carrier is undoubtedly uncomfortable and unsettling to them. Giving your cat time to use the litter tray before they go into the cat carrier can help avoid this situation.

9. Consider Using a Pheromone Spray

Cats in general don’t like being out of their routine, and they certainly don’t like going in a car.  The noise, the smell and the unpredictability of the situation makes a cat very unsettled. One study found that using a synthetic feline facial pheromone product can reduce stress during transport. This can mean that your cat arrives at the vet’s practice in a more relaxed state, which in turn can help your vet carry out a useful clinical examination.  Cats that arrive at the vet’s practice in an already stressed state can be much more difficult to handle.

10. Complete Any Online Forms Ahead of Time

If your vet has an app or online system, check out the site for any forms you may need to complete before your visit. Some clinics ask clients to fill out forms before annual exams to ensure their records are up to date. You can save a lot of time by completing them before your appointment and having hard copies ready if necessary. The administrative staff will appreciate your efficiency.

11. Arrive Early for Your Pet’s Appointment

The administrative staff strives to schedule appointments with enough time based on the issue. That may mean little leeway between time slots. Get the most out of your allotted time by arriving a few minutes early for your appointment. This will allow your cat to acclimatize a little before their consultation starts.  If there is time, vets often like to give cats time alone in an exam room to settle down after the ride to the clinic, so take advantage of it.

Final Thoughts

Being prepared before a vet trip can really improve efficiency and allow your vet to do their job as well as they can.  While you can’t remove the disruption and discomfort to your cat entirely, you can make the process go as quickly and efficiently as possible with simple measures. Some optimize your vet’s time by providing information and anticipating questions. Others prepare your kitty for the ordeal. All make the best of an unpleasant situation.

Featured Image Credit: Stock-Asso, Shutterstock

The post How to Save Time at the Vet? 11 Vet Approved Tips for Being Efficient at the Vet by Chris Dinesen Rogers appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

It may be hard to imagine a time when drafting the principles of basic animal care was necessary. Sadly, the inhumane treatment of the country’s livestock prompted a 1965 British parliamentary inquiry into their conditions. It eventually led Professor John Webster of the now Farm Animal Welfare Council to draft what would become the Five Freedoms of Animal Welfare. Professor David Mellor expanded the concept in 1994 with the Five Domains.

The lists might seem like common sense to many pet lovers today, but they needed to be articulated to provide a framework for scientific advancement and future policies. Today, they serve as a global model for organizations like the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA). They are supported by federal legislation like the Animal Welfare Act of 1966.

How Do the Five Freedoms of Animal Welfare Work?

The application of the Five Freedoms of Animal Welfare is the providence of the organizations adopting its principles. They include the following:

While they were written with livestock in mind, they also apply to pets and any animals in human care. We can interpret the specifics based on the species. The first freedom is self-evident: Cats should have food and fresh water available at all times. The second, as defined by the ASPCA, includes shelter and a comfortable resting area. For felines, it can mean a covered space or even a box. Research supports their suitability for stress reduction.

The third freedom involves appropriate veterinary care as necessary, with the goal of prompt treatment. The fourth freedom may mean something like providing a scratching post for a cat, for example, as being able to scratch is a physical need and a means of communication. The fifth freedom builds on the previous ones and perhaps is the most challenging of the freedoms. As an example, cats despise changes in their routine, which can manifest as the signs of an illness.

The Five Freedoms of Animal Welfare are subject to interpretation based on the individual animal. For example, some felines are so laidback that little phases them. Some breeds, however, like the Russian Blue, are naturally more fearful than others, making the fifth freedom particularly challenging for these animals. Early weaning before 8 weeks is another factor affecting a cat’s welfare, correlating with more problematic aggressive behavior.

What Are the Five Domains of Animal Welfare?

The goal of the Five Freedoms of Animal Welfare was to raise awareness about these issues. However, values change. It may have been unthinkable to pamper cats as we do now back when Webster drew up the document. These changing ideas inspired Professor David Mellor and Dr. Cam Reid to update them based on today’s mores. Hence, they published the Five Domains of Animal Welfare.

They include the following:

The first three are Survival-Related Factors. The fourth involves Situation-Related Factors. The fifth is the Affective Experience Domain. Unlike the Five Freedoms of Animal Welfare, the domains provide specific examples of do’s and don’ts for each realm. They include details like “A balanced diet,” and “Good fitness level.” Regular updates are part of the model’s application.

Where Are the Five Freedoms and Domains Used?

We mentioned many organizations adopting the Five Freedoms of Animal Welfare. That underscores the need they fulfilled. While they may seem common sense, getting them in black and white was a significant step forward, and animals have benefited. The ASPCA uses the five freedoms to raise awareness with public service campaigns. Others, like the World Organisation for Animal Health, make them part of their mission.

Mellor and Reid intended the Five Domains of Animal Welfare to be guidelines, recognizing the subjective nature of interpreting animal emotions. They also rely on current scientific knowledge, which changes with growing research over time and lends credibility to this approach by considering internal and external factors affecting the perception of welfare to the observer and animal.

Of course, cats are different animals than livestock or dogs. An effective view of animal welfare must incorporate these facts into the model. Hence, you’ll see the five freedoms applied differently, reflecting these nuances. The five domains go one step further by recognizing the common survival denominators while leaving room for customization based on what group is using the Five Freedoms of Animal Welfare.

Veterinarians can use this information to educate their clients about feline needs. Stress and discomfort often hover under the radar. After all, felines are masters at hiding any signs of distress. The Five Freedoms of Animal Welfare provide a framework for vets to work with pet owners to ensure cats get what they need to survive and thrive. After all, they aren’t the aloof creatures some may think of them. They also need compassion.

In recent years, veterinarians around the world have been expanding their knowledge and updating their practices to include a “fear-free clinic” approach. For cats, this involves details like eliminating waiting times, adding multi-cat calming pheromones, placing anti-slip mats over the examination table, having a gentle and considerate approach when handling them, and providing them with sedation, a cat-specific area that is dog-free, and a covered recovery area, just to name a few courtesies. “Fear-free” is a huge movement in the veterinary care world and many practices are obtaining a “Fear-Free Practice Certificate” after actualizing their space and operations to consider all the details that help make the experience less stressful for felines and other pets seen in the practice.

The Benefits of the Five Freedoms of Animal Welfare

The benefits of the Five Freedoms of Animal Welfare are clear: They stress the importance and responsibility of caring for animals. After all, it is a privilege to own a feline. Unfortunately, some people may simply be unaware of what good welfare entails. They aren’t intentionally cruel, but they may not know what it means in all areas. The five freedoms spell it out clearly.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

How Do the Five Freedoms of Animal Welfare Deal With Enrichment?

These provisions are covered with normal behavior. That means providing enough space and interactions with cohorts if appropriate. Interactive toys are an excellent way to fulfill this need. Essentially, we must allow cats to be physically and mentally stimulated for a healthy lifestyle.

What Else Does Freedom From Discomfort Cover?

This element is critical for cats, and that includes providing them with whatever it takes to keep them from living in an uncomfortable or potentially dangerous situation or environment, including a space away from dogs and their barking, or doing what it takes to get them recovered after an injury or illness.

Are There Limits to the Application of the Five Freedoms of Animal Welfare?

The Five Domains of Animal Welfare address these concerns. For example, both cover diet. However, feeding a cat to obesity is not in the kitty’s best interest. Likewise, a comfortable space is reasonable but doesn’t preclude interaction with people.

A Quick Reference Guide

Conclusion

The Five Freedoms of Animal Welfare identified a problem and offered a solution for livestock stressed by their living conditions. Its principles cross species lines on several fronts. The Five Domains of Animal Welfare are the updated version, with more specific guidelines and information to help caregivers make informed choices, with the latitude to adapt them for different species, like our feline companions.

• Also see: Animal Rights Awareness Week: When It Is & How to Participate

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The post Five Freedoms of Animal Welfare: How Vets Apply Them to Cats by Chris Dinesen Rogers appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

Having hair is one of many characteristics that distinguish mammals from other classes of animals, such as reptiles and birds. Other traits include the anatomy of our inner ears, the structure of our jaws, and the presence and function of mammary glands. You’ve probably heard and used hair and fur interchangeably, along with coat, pelt, or pelage, depending on what animal you’re discussing.

From a scientific perspective, the words are the same. How we use them is more nuanced. We may speak of an animal’s “fur” or “coat” as the collective term for all the hairs on an animal. We often say “hair” when referring to the individual strands. Whatever the word, they refer to the same thing. However, cats have different types of hair with specialized functions.

The Function of Hair and Its Evolution

Scientists hypothesize that hair and warm-bloodedness or endothermy are linked. Nonetheless, it’s one of those which-came-first types of questions. It makes evolutionary sense why natural selection would favor hair since it keeps the animal warm. Being warm-blooded takes energy, and insulation allows the creature to conserve it.

Of course, hair serves several other purposes. It provides camouflage so that cats can hunt and stalk their prey. Likewise, the mottled appearance of kittens protects the young from predators. Hair also helps a feline communicate with other animals. Think of a cat’s back hairs sticking up or their tail puffing up at the threshold of a conflict. It has a similar function for you as a pet owner.

The condition of a cat’s fur can indicate the state of the animal’s physical and mental health. A dull coat or hair loss can be a red flag of anything, from a nutritional deficiency to stress to a medical condition. It’s worth noting that we’re speaking of the feline’s hair collectively. Hence, we opted for fur and coat to describe this physical feature.

The Genetics of Hair Length

Density and length also comes into the conversation when distinguishing between hair and fur, particularly with dogs. We might use the former to refer to the fine, long coat of an Afghan Hound and the latter when talking about the dense coat of an Alaskan Malamute. The takeaway is that genetics determines an animal’s hair length. A short-haired cat’s fur will only grow so long, for example.

Short-haired is the default for our domestic cats. Scientists have identified the Near Eastern or African wildcat (Felis silvestris lybica) as the likely ancestor of our pets.¹ These animals live in various habitats on the continent’s grasslands and scrubland. Being long-haired would be a hindrance since it could get matted quicker and hamper their survival and reproductive success.

Long-Haired Cats

Researchers have four genetic mutations that make cats long-haired. They identified the oldest in the Turkish Angora. The three others are associated with specific breeds: the Ragdoll, Maine Coon, and Norwegian Forest Cat. Being long-haired is a recessive trait. That means a kitten must inherit this copy or allele of the gene from both parents to express it visually.

A mitigating factor in all these variants is the role of domestication and selective breeding. Enthusiasts made being long-haired fixed in these felines by breeding animals with the desired traits. One could also argue that this characteristic is necessary for survival in the case of Nordic breeds. It’s not unheard of in wild felines, with the snow leopard (Uncia uncia) being a classic example.

Fur would probably be a more accurate description of the animal’s thick, long coats necessary to tolerate the extreme weather conditions of the mountains of Central Asia. It’s often helpful to distinguish its physical features when discussing whether cats have hair or fur. This species makes a solid case for using the latter term.

Types of Cat Hair

We can find other incidents where using hair or fur might be more appropriate. Let’s consider the types of hair that most cats have. Guard hairs are the ones that give your pet their color and are the ones you stroke when interacting with your kitty. Their length is relatively long, depending on the breed. These coarse hairs are a protective outer coat, acting as a water-repellent barrier and helping shield a cat’s skin from other environmental elements.

Awn hairs are the next layer. It’s shorter than the top one. It’s multi-functional, helping insulate and protect.

The down hairs are next and closest to the animal’s skin. Its purpose is in its name—to keep the feline warm, not unlike the comforter you put on your bed. Multiple layers leave space for air for additional insulation.

Whiskers

The most specialized of a cat’s hairs are their whiskers. They exist on the animal’s face, above the eyes, and on their legs. They serve a sensory function with their terminal connection to nerves. They help your kitty navigate their world, even in the dark. They provide much information about the environment and surroundings that a cat needs to hunt and survive life’s challenges.

No one would refer to a cat’s whiskers as fur. It’s one case where we can definitively say they are hairs, although many may not know what they are. After all, they differ from what we think of as hairs. They are long and stiff. Their sensory function is evident if you try to touch them. Even the most docile pet will likely object to this contact.

Final Thoughts

The difference between hairs and fur is a matter of degrees. While the two words mean the same thing, we often differentiate the two by density. The former are the individual strands, while the latter refers to the overall collection of them. That’s a colloquial distinction but useful in many contexts. However, whiskers are one example of specialized hairs where this terminology is appropriate.

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The post Do Cats Have Hair or Fur? Vet-Verified Facts & Info by Chris Dinesen Rogers appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

If you ask any pet owner, they’ll emphatically say that their cats have feelings. They say their cats have expressed love and affection, and can even recognize and respond to how their caregivers are feeling. And it turns out that they’re right about their feline companions!

Research supports the hypothesis that our cats experience the six basic emotions of surprise, fear, disgust, sadness, happiness, and anger. These are all the emotions we’d expect to see in a 2 ½-year-old child. There is currently a lack of scientific evidence that cats are capable of more complex secondary emotions, such as compassion, shame, jealousy, and disappointment. Let’s learn a bit more about feline feelings and emotions just below.

Basic Cat Emotions and Body Language

Let’s consider how cats express their emotions. Visual communication is vital for animals since it can help avoid conflict. It can signal what they are feeling, if a territory is occupied, and readiness during courtship.

You can tell a lot about what your pet is feeling by observing and learning their body language. For example, a cat with their tail held high or in a question mark shape is willing to interact. Meanwhile, a feline swishing their tail back and forth is signaling their irritation. Woe to the person or animal who is the reason behind a puffed-up tail! That’s a feline that is upset and may strike if provoked.

These postures are examples of the six basic emotions that pet owners probably see often. Interestingly, research has uncovered evidence of heritability of some behavioral traits that speak to emotions. One study even identified Angora and Turkish Van cats as the most aggressive among the breeds studied.¹ Likewise, the scientists found sociability differences among the breeds, with the British Shorthair being the least likely to seek human contact versus the outright friendliness of the Ragdoll.

Selective breeding undoubtedly plays a role since enthusiasts would invariably choose which traits to encourage. This study also found a high degree of heritability of aggression and shyness among cats.

Feline emotions are even evident in their facial expressions. An ambitious team of researchers studied these features in 50 cats over the course of a year. The scientists identified 276 different facial expressions which the cats used to communicate with each other and reveal their emotions. These were made up of a mix of 26 unique facial movements.² For comparison dogs, that we may consider highly expressive, only have around 27 facial movements, but we are generally better at interpreting them.

Inherited Behavior Versus Learned Responses

Unlike dogs, cats are very much in touch with their wild side. Domestication has only altered 13 genes during our 12,000-odd years together. Surprisingly, our feline companions share 95.6% of their DNA with the tiger!³ We can conclude that much of our cats’ behavior and associated emotions are learned responses. After all, they are intelligent animals, and they even know when you’re talking to them.

Vocalizations

Another inherited and learned form of communication exists through vocalizations. Science has documented 21 different vocalizations in our feline companions. That of itself lends credence to cats having feelings. They have a lot to say with all those sounds. Research has shown the profound effects of domestication on their repertoire in some unexpected ways.

For example, cats learn and respond to their names even when someone unfamiliar to them says it. Research has also shown our feline companions look to us when presented with an unfamiliar object for cues about how to respond to it. The animals adjust their emotions accordingly. These findings suggest recognition of feelings and the ability to adapt to new situations. Let’s consider how it affects vocalizing.

Purring

Purring is one of the classic feline vocalizations. Interestingly, only small cats purr, whereas most large felines roar. The exceptions are the cheetah and cougar. A species can’t do both because of their varying anatomies. Purring serves several purposes for cats. Kittens, like human babies, are born helpless or altricial. They are entirely dependent on their mothers. Purring is a form of communication between them.

Humans are likewise hardwired to respond to cries. It’s imperative for our survival. Kittens can purr shortly after they’re born, supporting this role. People are equally responsive to purring, even among non-cat owners. It’s like the baby sound we hear. Kittens do it to get their mother’s attention, so your pet may also purr to get something from you, namely food or affection. This purpose is unique to domestication.

The cause and effect is that your cat wants something and has figured out what they must do to get it. That comes from experience and conditioning fortified with positive reinforcement. Your pet purrs, and you obey.

Meowing

Meowing is the quintessential feline vocalization. Children learn how cats make this sound early in their education. It seems like the sound and kitties are intertwined. However, the truth tells a different story. Cats do meow, but it’s usually communication between kittens and their mothers. It’s not something you often hear behind this life stage in feral or wild felines. Like purring, it’s another product of domestication.

Our pets need to be in touch with their feelings to express themselves. The manner in which they do it speaks to their intelligence. Nevertheless, it has worked. We respond to meowing like we do purring. Every time we respond, we reinforce its effectiveness. Couple this concept with the notion that felines can read our emotions and react to us.

Emotional Recognition

The development of feelings has been long in the making. Research reveals that cats bond strongly with their caregivers, not unlike dogs or even children. These findings are fascinating, given the stereotypical perception of felines being aloof and unattached. The evidence speaks for itself, with name and emotion recognition. Separation anxiety is an extreme example of the bond between cats and their owners.

Compelling evidence of our pets having feelings exists with research involving cat blinking and eye narrowing. Scientists know that felines use their eyes to communicate with conspecifics. Emotions run both ends of the spectrum. One study found that these gestures were associated with positive emotions between people and cats. The researchers equated it to a feline smile.

You blink, and your cat responds in kind. It’s a shared moment between owner and pet that symbolizes the affection for each other on a personal level. It doesn’t get any better.

Final Thoughts

The evidence is clear: Cats do have feelings. Our feline companions bond with us emotionally in relationships that reinforce and nurture these feelings. You may look at your kitty differently, knowing what lies between their cat’s eyes. However, their emotions will just continue to bring us closer together as time goes on.

Featured Image Credit: Mariia Romanyk, Shutterstock

The post Do Cats Have Feelings? Feline Emotions Explained (Vet-Reviewed) by Chris Dinesen Rogers appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

Divorce is never easy, and it’s even more complicated when pets are involved. Cats like their routines, and they get attached to their caregivers. Unfortunately, significant changes are on the horizon when it comes to divorce. While you can’t eliminate these changes, you can minimize their impact, with planning and cooperation. Hopefully, you can find some common ground with your ex to help your cats adapt to the new situation.

Presumably, you both love your pets. They are innocent in this situation, and they also don’t understand what’s happening, although they may have sensed the discord in your home. Your kitties are likely stressed already. Let’s find ways to drop it down a notch.

Before You Start

Discussing the situation on neutral ground may help you and your ex-partner to figure out a plan. This preliminary conversation requires honesty. You must decide where your cats will fare best. It may be evident that they are more attached to one of you than the other. Consider who will be moving from your home and where your cats will be most content.

The best scenario is to minimize the changes they’ll experience. That covers everything from their daily routine to their diet to the household activity levels. Determine which of you can provide these conditions, and make decisions based on what’s best for everyone involved.

The 10 Tips on How to Help Cats Adapt to a Divorce

1. Plan the Move

If the cats are moving, plan the move carefully. We recommend keeping the household layout as close as possible to normal. Let your cats explore the moving boxes during downtimes, which will allow them to reassure themselves all is well. While moving is disruptive, try to keep things low-key. Loud noises or sudden movements will stress your pets, but planning ahead can minimize them.

2. Board Your Cats or Sequester Them in a Room

Boarding or keeping your cats in a closed room may be easier and safer for them while a move takes place. It’ll allow you to focus on the task at hand and the emotions it will likely elicit. It’s a difficult time for you, too, so removing the task of looking after your cats can help relieve some stress. It can streamline the process if you don’t have to worry about your cats’ reactions to the upheaval, or them accidentally slipping out of the house while a door is left open, for example.

3. Minimize Disruptions

We suggest keeping the disruptions to a minimum. Pack room by room to avoid changing the whole house at one time. If you plan to hire movers, refer back to number 2 on this list.  Even the most well adapted cats will find having movers in and out of the house extremely stressful.

4. Leave Some Articles of Clothing With the Person’s Scent

If you and the cats are staying put, and your ex-partner is leaving, ask them if they can leave some articles of clothing behind. Familiar scents can calm your kitties while everything else is topsy-turvy. Felines are well-attuned to smell, and the changes may seem less threatening to them if they can ground themselves with a scent that they know and are comfortable with.

5. Expect Your Pets to Be Stressed

Change isn’t easy. Don’t be surprised if your pets are upset with the situation. They’d prefer everything to stay the same because it makes them feel secure. Divorce can bring tremendous changes they may be ill-equipped to handle. Be patient with them as they cope with the situation.  Signs of stress in a cat are usually shown by inappropriate urination (urinating around the house or spraying on the walls), inappropriate defecation, over-grooming and/or hiding.

6. Maintain Their Usual Routine

Try to keep the household routine as close to normal as possible. Don’t change their diet, litter, or daily schedule, if possible. Let them get used to the other changes while keeping their routine as close to normal as you can.

7. Use a Pheromone Product

Some research suggests pheromone sprays can calm cats and help them deal with stressful situations like divorces. These products replicate scents that can reassure your pets that they are safe despite the changes going on around them. It’s another reason we suggested leaving behind clothing with your partner’s scent!

8. Interact With Your Kitties

Try to interact with your cats as normal, even with the disruption in your lifestyle. Remember that your pets will be picking up on the changes in the household, so interacting with them as you always have will reduce their stress levels.

9. Get Some Interactive Toys

Interactive toys are an excellent way to entertain your pets and provide welcome mental stimulation. Cats are intelligent animals. If your partner was the one that played with the cats the most, these products can go some way to making up for that loss. Plus, they’re simply a welcome distraction from all the other chaos that might be going on around the house.

10. Reassure Your Cats

We understand the high emotions accompanying divorce. That makes it essential to reassure your kitties that all is well despite the changes. Reassure your pets with attention and playtime. Create positive associations with their new routines or surroundings by using treats and praise.

Final Thoughts

Pet owners may underestimate the effects of significant life changes like divorce can have on their cats. Felines are attuned to the goings-on of the household. Instinct causes them to react to change suspiciously. Your goal is to make this new chapter as non-threatening as possible to your kitties. They don’t like change, so you must reassure them that it won’t affect the care and attention they will be receiving to make it a smooth transition.

Featured Image Credit: Lightfield Studios, Shutterstock

The post How to Help Cats Adapt to a Divorce: Vet Reviewed Techniques & Tips by Chris Dinesen Rogers appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.